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CONTROLLING AS A MANAGEMENT FUNCTION

Introduction and Overview of Controlling

Regardless of the thoroughness of the planning done, a program or decision still may be poorly or improperly implemented without a satisfactory control system in place.

Controlling is that process of regulating organizational activities so that actual performance conforms to expected organizational goals and standards. While interrelated with all of the other management functions, a special relationship exists between the planning function of management and controlling. Planning, essentially, is the deciding of goals and objectives and the means of reaching them. Controlling lets manager tell if the organization is on track for goal achievement, and if not, why not. A well-developed plan should provide benchmarks that can be used in the control process.

Read more: MGT503-Princilpes of Management-Lecture Handout No 44

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GROUP DECISION MAKING AND CREATIVITY

The Creativity Factor in Decision Making

Innovation and creativity is important to organizational success in the marketplace.

Creativity versus Innovation

There is a difference between creativity and innovation.

1. Creativity is the ability to combine ideas in a unique way or to make unusual associations between ideas.

Read more: MGT503-Princilpes of Management-Lecture Handout No 19